- Rachycentridae Gill 1896
- Rajidae Bonaparte 1831
- Ranellidae Gray 1854
- Ranidae Rafinesque 1814
- Ranunculaceae de Jussieu 1789
- Raphidae Wetmore 1930
- Rathkeidae Russell 1953
- Reduviidae Latreille 1807
- Regalecidae Gill 1884
- Rhabditidae Örley 1880
- Rhabdochonidae Skrjabin 1946
- Rhacophoridae Hoffman 1932
- Rhaphidophoridae Walker 1869
- Rhincodontidae J.P. Müller & Henle 1839
- Rhinidae J.P. Müller & Henle 1841
- Rhinobatidae J.P. Müller & Henle 1841
- Rhinobothriidae Euzet 1953
- Rhinolophidae Gray 1825
- Rhizangiidae d'Orbigny 1851
- Rhizophoraceae R. Brown 1814
- Rhizostomatidae Cuvier 1799
- Rhodomelaceae J.E. Areschoug 1847
- Rhyacotritonidae
- Rhynchonellidae
- Rhynchophoridae Schönherr 1833
- Ricciaceae Reichenb. 1828
- Rickettsiaceae Pinkerton 1936
- Rictulariidae Hall 1916
- Rosaceae de Jussieu 1789
- Rotaliidae Ehrenberg 1839
- Rubiaceae de Jussieu 1789
- Rutaceae de Jussieu 1789